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how to work Master Cylinder in brake system?

mastercylnder Mechanic37.in

the master cylinder is the Heart Of the hydraulic brake system. a master cylinder in hydraulic braking system is an intermediate component that worked as an energy converter as well as force multiplier i.e. mechanical energy into hydraulic pressure so we need master cylinder in hydraulic braking system

It Consists of two main  chambers. Fluid Reservoir and compression chamber.

1) The compression chamber in which the piston operates

2) the Fluid Reservoir which contains the fluid to supply to the brake system. the reservoir Supplies fluid to the brake system through two ports

When the Brake Pedal is Depressed the master cylinder piston moves Forward to Force the Liquid under pressure into the system the relief port is sealed out of the system the liquid pressure is conducted to the wheel cylinder where it force the wheel cylinder piston outwards. these pistons force the brake shoes out against the brake drums.

Types of Master Cylinder

1. Single Circuit Master Cylinder

2. Tandem Master Cylinder or Dual Circuit Master Cylinder

Single Circuit Master Cylinder

It consists of 5 parts

1. Reservoir

It is the storage tank used for storing the brake fluid in hydraulic type of braking system, usually, it is made up of plastic.

2. Cylinder

It is the air-tight housing inside which the piston moves with the moment of the brake pedal which in turn causes conversion and multiplication of force. Cylinder is usually made up of cast iron or aluminum.

3. Piston

It is the reciprocating part of the master cylinder that reciprocates inside the cylinder due to the movement of brake pedal, the piston causes compression of brake fluid inside the cylinder which in turn generates high hydraulic pressure.

4. Returning Spring

It is the simple coil type of spring used inside the cylinder which helps the piston and brake pedal to retain its original position after brake pedal is released.

5. Valve

In single circuit m c it is the outlet valve through which the brake line is attached,  The compressed brake fluid is further transferred to the caliper through this valve.

Master Cylinder

Tandem Master Cylinder

1. Reservoir

In tandem master cylinder instead of single reservoir 2 or a dual chamber reservoir is used as a storage tank for brake fluid.

2. Cylinder

Same cylinder as in single circuit type is used with the little modification i.e. it is the housing of 2 pistons and also there are 2 outlet and 2 inlet valves.

3. Piston

Instead of one piston, 2 pistons that are primary piston and secondary piston are used in tandem m c, the actuation of secondary piston occurs after completion of the primary piston movement.

4. Returning Spring

In tandem m c 2 returning springs are used one with the primary piston and second with the secondary piston.

5. Valves

In tandem master cylinder as it is the dual circuit m c , 2 inlet and 2 outlet valves are used .

Wheel Cylinder Function

Wheel Cylinder Function

the Wheel Cylinder is the Second important Component Of the hydraulic Brake system.

It Consists of the piston which can move in opposite directions by the fluid pressure. It is Rigidly mounted on the Brake Shield or Backing Plate. The Boots Protect the cylinders from Foreign Substance. Bleeder Valves are Provided in the Cylinder to permit air and liquid to pumped out of the System During the bleeding operation

piston Cup fits tightly in the Cylinder  against each piston and seal the mechanism against leakage of the brake Fluid. a spring serves to hold the cup against the piston when the pressure is decreased.

When the brakes are applied the brake fluid enters the cylinder from a brake line connection  inlet between the two piston it cases to  force wheel

This is a part of a hydraulic fluid is driven drum brake system and is situated in each wheel. Mainly the cylinder is situated at the top of the wheel, above the shoes. It is very much like a slave cylinder and works similarly, inside comprising of just a basic plunger. On older cars these may start to leak and limit the performance of the braking system yet are regularly cheap and generally simple to replace. You can contact your local car garages for a better understanding.

The wheel cylinder comprises a cylinder that has two pistons, one on each side. Every cylinder has an elastic or rubber seal and a shaft that interfaces the cylinder with a brake shoe. At the point when brake pressure is applied, the cylinders are constrained out driving the shoes into contact with the drum. A few plans utilise two single-piston wheel cylinders, one at the top point of the drum and one at the base, each associated or connected with one brake shoe.

A wheel cylinder has the following components inside:

The fluid squashes against the pistons that move outward in the wheel cylinder at the point when the pistons come nearer. This is when the fluid is constrained into the master cylinder, the spring between the two pistons holds the elastic cups in position.

Wheel cylinders are now made from aluminum as previously they used to be made of cast iron. However, they were more prone to rusting.

A wheel cylinder is a component of a hydraulic drum brake. The wheel cylinder must force apart the brake shoes and press them against the brake drum. This generates friction and the wheel is decelerated. This happens every time the driver presses on the brake pedal. Pressing on the brake pedal generates hydraulic pressure in the master brake cylinder which is transmitted to the wheel cylinder in the brake fluid via the brake lines. In the wheel cylinder, the hydraulic pressure acts on the pistons, which then exert mechanical pressure on the brake shoes.

FAQ

1. What are the functions of a brake master cylinder?

2. Where is the brake master cylinder located?

3. What is the function of the clutch master cylinder?

4. What is the role of the master cylinder in an ABS system?

5. What are the two types of master cylinder in brake system?

In a brake system, there are two main types of master cylinders:

  1. Single Master Cylinder:
    • Description: A single master cylinder has a single bore that contains both the primary and secondary pistons. It is a simpler design and was commonly used in older vehicles.
    • Operation: When the brake pedal is pressed, the single piston generates hydraulic pressure, transmitting it to all brakes simultaneously.
    • Limitation: A potential drawback is that if a leak or failure occurs, the entire braking system can be affected.
  2. Dual Master Cylinder:
    • Description: A dual master cylinder has two separate bores – one for the front brakes and another for the rear brakes. Each bore has its own piston, providing redundancy and safety features.
    • Operation: The dual master cylinder allows independent hydraulic circuits for the front and rear brakes. If one circuit fails, the other can still provide braking capability, enhancing safety.
    • Advantages: Improved safety and braking reliability, as a failure in one part of the braking system doesn’t compromise the entire system.

The dual master cylinder design, with its redundancy and safety features, has become the standard in modern vehicles to enhance overall braking system reliability.

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